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Diseases and Disorders
- Links pertaining to Eye Diseases
 
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Contents:
Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy (not on MeSH) - Adie Syndrome - Albinism, Ocular - Amaurosis Fugax - Amblyopia - Aniridia - Anisocoria - Anophthalmos - Aphakia - Astigmatism - Blepharitis - Blepharoptosis - Blepharospasm - Blindness - Cataract - Chalazion - Chorioretinitis - Choroideremia - Coloboma - Color Vision Defects - Conjunctival Diseases - Conjunctivitis - Corneal Diseases - Corneal Dystrophies (not on MeSH) - Corneal Edema - Corneal Ulcer - Diabetic Retinopathy - Diplopia - Distichiasis (not on MeSH) - Dry Eye Syndromes - Duane Retraction Syndrome - Ectropion - Entropion - Esotropia - Exfoliation Syndrome - Exotropia - Eye Abnormalities - Eye Diseases - Eye Hemorrhage - Eye Neoplasms - Eyelid Diseases - Floaters (not on MeSH) - General Fibrosis Syndrome (not on MeSH) - Glaucoma - Gyrate Atrophy - Hemianopsia - Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome - Hordeolum - Horner Syndrome - Hyperopia - Hyphema - Iritis - Kearns-Sayer Syndrome - Keratitis - Keratoconus - Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases - Lacrimal Duct Obstruction - Lens Diseases - Macular Degeneration - Microphthalmos - Myopia - Nystagmus, Pathologic - Ocular Motility Disorders - Oculomotor Nerve Diseases - Ophthalmoplegia - Optic Atrophies, Hereditary - Optic Nerve Diseases - Optic Neuritis - Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic - Orbital Cellulitis (not on MeSH) - Papilledema - Peter's Anomaly (not on MeSH) - Presbyopia - Pterygium - Pupil Disorders - Refractive Errors - Retinal Detachment - Retinal Diseases - Retinal Vein Occlusion - Retinitis Pigmentosa - Retinopathy of Prematurity - Retinoschisis - Scleritis - Scotoma - Strabismus - Thygeson's Superficial Punctate Keratitis (not on MeSH) - Trachoma - Uveitis - White Dot Syndrome (not on MeSH) - Vision Disorders - VITREOUS DISORDERS (not on MeSH) -


  Eye Diseases   
  Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of the Human Eye [TM Montgomery]
  Physical Structures of the Eye [text only; L Hahn] - U. of Pennsylvania (US)
  Some Eye Anatomy pages, illustrated - EyeInfo (UK)
  Anatomy of the Eye: A Study Guide - MedRounds
  Colored Eyes - TipsOfAllSorts
  On Heterochromia (Different-Colored Eyes)
  An Eye Color calculator [Eiberg and Mohr]
  About the 'Blind Spot'
  The Main Lens of Your Eye Is Inside The Eye? Not Quite.
  Simulations of certain eye problems - Ohio LIONS Eye Research Foundation
  Distance Vision Test - Perrot Optic (CH)
  About Visual Acuity [TM Montgomery] and the typical Visual Acuity Test - ADAM, via MedlinePlus
  What is 20/20 vision? - The Eye Digest
  Aerospace Ophthalmology - USAF School of Aerospace Medicine
  The Eye Exam [C Goldberg] - School of Medicine, UCSD (US)
  Eye examination - Indiana University (US)
  School of Optometry , and Dr Riley's Diagnostic Procedures - Indiana University (US)
  RED (recognizing eye diseases) Atlas
  Ophthalmology information - eMedicine
  Eye Diseases and Disorders - Wikipedia
  Eye Diseases and Disorders - an illustrated encyclopedia - StLukes Eye
  About some Eye Conditions - EyeInfo (UK)
  Information on various Eye Conditions - Scottish Sensory Centre (UK)
  Core Lectures in Ophthalmology - EyeWeb.org
  An Ocular Pathology Review [RC Eagle] - Wills Eye Hospital
  Red Eyes: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly [DT Adamczyk, 1999] - Optometry Today (UK)
  Managing the Red Eye - Well Close Square Surgery (UK)
  About Itchy Eyes - Kellogg Eye Center
  Symptoms of damage to the optic chiasm - Yale School of Medicine
  Ocular Symptoms and Diagnoses - Richmond Eye Associates
  About Visual Symptoms and Possble Causes - Vis-Ability
  About some Selected Anomalies and Diseases of the Eye - Texas School for the Blind (US)
  Testing Babies' Vision - ICH (UK)
  About Children's Vision - AOA
  Medical Need for Glasses - AAPOS
  Pediatric Vision Screening for the Family Physician [P Broderick] - Am Family Phys, Sep '98
  About LEA symbols
  Am. Assoc. for Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus , including a Public Resource Library
  Handbook of Ocular Disease Management '98 - Review of Optometry Online
  OPHTHALMIC hyperguide [free registration required]
  Success in MRCOphth [CN Chua] including the Oxford Eye Page , and an Ophthalmic Kew Garden - (UK)
  EyeAtlas - Oculisti Online
  Atlas of Ophthalmology - Online Journal of Ophthalmology
  SNOF: Syndicat National des Ophtalmologistes de France , including Maladies des yeux [in French]
  American Academy of Ophthalmology
  Clinical Cases (Grand Rounds) at DJO/Harvard
  Educational cases for diagnosis [image + Q/A] - Umeå Univ./Dept of Ophthalmology (SE)
  Clinical section - Richmond Eye Associates
  Digital Grand Rounds from OptCom.com/CIBA Inc.
  Der Augenfundus [C Daetwyler; in German] - (CH)
  Eye Plastics Surgery - EyePlastics LLC
  Abstracts and FAQs - EyeCare Connection
  A Philosophy Of Blindness [K Jernigan]
  Blindness-Related Resources on the Web & Beyond including a List of European Organizations & Foundations - Oedipal Enterprises
  The US National Federation of the Blind
  Blind Childrens Center - (US)
  Living with vision loss - A handbook for caregivers - Canadian Nat'l Inst for the Blind
  Links to Mobility & Braille Resources [R Marriage]
  Seeing with Sound
  About Leader Dogs
  GuideDogs.Org.UK
  About Enucleation: Removal of an Eye - Wills Eye Hospital (US)
  Ocular Prosthesis information - EyeCancer Network
  The Artificial Eye Information & Patient Support Page
  LostEye.com
  Movements On-Line (about artificial eyes/implants), and Artificial Eyes: Surgical Techniques - Bio-eye Orbital Implants
  International Eye Foundation
  Optics: a review [M Wilkinson] - MedRounds
  Vision Science [research; A. Watson] - NASA (US)
  3-D Vision [R Cooper]
  About Rhodopsin [G Schertler] - Lab. Mol. Biology, MRC Centre/Cambridge (UK)
  How Photons Start Vision [D Baylor] - PNAS '96
  The NEIBank [a database of genes/proteins expressed in the eye/visual system] - NEI/NIH (US)
  Useful Numbers in Vision Science: A Preliminary List [B Wandell] - (US)
  Test Your Knowledge - The Ophthalmic Photographers' Society, Inc. (US)
  Visionary: A Dictionary for the Study of Vision
  Sensation and Perception - PsychScholar, Hanover College (US)
  Glossary of Ophthalmologic Terms [L. Bickford] - The EyeCare Connection (US)
  A List of US Eye Health Organizations - NEI/NIH (US)
  The Joy of Visual Perception [P Kaiser] - York Univ. (CA)
  The Art of Vision [M Dubin] - Univ of Colorado (US)
  M.C. Escher Home Page
  InterNet Journal of Ophthalmology [no charge] - (IT)
  Molecular Vision [journal] - (US)
  Review of Ophthalmology [journal]
  Ophthalmology Review Journal

    Conjunctival Diseases   
    About the Conjunctiva and Sclera - Handbook of Ocular Disease Management
    Conjunctival (and Scleral) Disorders - Merck Manual
    Removing a Foreign Object from Your Eye - MedlinePlus/ADAM (US)

      Conjunctivitis   
      Neonatal Conjunctivitis - Adam, via MedlinePlus
      Assessment of the Red Eye - Canadian Ophthalmological Society
      Managing the Red Eye - Well Close Square Surgery (UK)
      Conjunctivitis [Morrow and Abbot] - Am Family Phys, Feb '98
      Ocular Allergy [EK Akpek] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      On Chlamydial and Gonococcal Conjunctivitis - Handbook Ocular Disease Management
      A case of Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis - Paragon Vision Sci
      About Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis [B Weissman] - e-Medicine

          Trachoma   
          Helen Keller Int'l: Trachoma Task Force
          About the genus Chlamydia - Wikipedia
          Int'l Trachoma Alliance - WHO (CH)
          Int'l Trachoma Initiative
          Preventable Disease Blinds Poor in Third World [free registration required] - NY Times, March 2006

         VITREOUS DISORDERS (not on MeSH)
          About Vitreous Detachment - Richmond Eye Assoc.
          About Vitreous Detachment - NEI/NIH (US)
          About Vitrectomy - StLukes Eye Institute (US), and some photos [WD Leahy Jr.]

           Floaters (not on MeSH)
            Spots and Floaters - AOA (US)
            About Eye Floaters - Univ of Illinois (US)
            About Eye Floaters
            Flashes and Floaters - What you need to know [Goldman and Polk] - The Retina Center
            Posterior Vitreous Detachment; Sudden-Onset of Floaters and Flashing Lights [margo et al.] - PostGradMed, Mar 2005
            On Flashes, Floaters and Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) - St Luke's Eye Care
            Floaters discussions at Med Help International
            Is using lasers on eye gunk worth the risk? - via Aetna InteliHealth
            Vitreous Opacities - GPnotebook (UK)
            A Clinician's Guide to Flashes and Floaters [Kabat and Sowka] - Optometry Today/Optics Today (UK)
            About Floaters - AgingEye Times, 2003
            About Vitreous and Retinal Detachment - New England Eye Center (US)
            The American Society of Retina Specialists (formely 'The Vitreous Society')
            About Hyaluronan and the Vitreous Humor [JE Scott]
            Some FAQs about Floaters and Surgery - Charles Retina Institute


      Pterygium   
      Pterygium - DJO/Harvard (US)
      About Pterygium - Handbook of Ocular Disease Mgmt and an image - EyeMac
      About Pterygium and Pinguecula - North Shore Eye C. (AU)
      About Pingueculum - Kellogg Eye Center (US)


    Corneal Diseases   
    The Cornea and Corneal Diseases - NEI/NIH (US)
    Corneal Disease Management - Review of Optometry/Handbook
    Corneal Abrasions and Foreign Bodies - Merck Manual
    Managing the Red Eye - Well Close Square Surgery (UK)
    PKA - Pediatric Keratoplasty Association - (US)
    About Corneal Modification techniques - AOA (US)
    About Corneal Graft - Moorfields Eye Hosp., London (UK)

      Corneal Edema   
      About Bullous Keratopathy - EyeMDLink
      Keratopathy, Pseudophakic Bullous [Aquavella and Singer] - eMedicine

      Keratitis   
      Herpes Simplex Keratitis - Rev of Optometry/Handbook
      On Fungal Keratitis [T Romero Rangel] and Recurrent Herpes Simplex Keratitis in Penetrating Keratoplasty [N Tesavibul, '97] - MEEI/Harvard
      Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis - PUK [T Ekong] - MEEI/Harvard
      Keratitis: A Quick and Accurate Diagnosis [LJ Catania] - Rev of Optometry, Nov 2001
      Best Weapon Against Bacterial Keratitis? [JA McGreal] - Review of Optometry/Educ Center 1999
      On Fusarium Keratitis and Contact Lenses - Promed, Mar 2006
      About Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis ( DLK, Sands of the Sahara ) and Lasik - USAEyes.org
      UV Keratitis, or Snowblindness [R Brozen] - e-Medicine

       Thygeson's Superficial Punctate Keratitis (not on MeSH)
        About Thygeson's Superficial Punctate Keratitis - Univ. of Iowa/OPHTH (US)
        Thygeson's Superficial Punctate Keratopathy - Review of Optometry

        Corneal Ulcer   
        Corneal Abrasion vs Corneal Ulcer [S Awwad] - Eyeweb.Org
        Mooren's Ulcer [QD Nguyen] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
        Cogan's Dystrophy (Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy) - StLukesEye.com
        Dystrophy, Map-Dot-Fingerprint [D Verdier] - eMedicine

       Peter's Anomaly (not on MeSH)
        Peter's Anomaly Support Group

       Corneal Dystrophies (not on MeSH)
        Corneal Dystrophy factsheet - RNIB (UK)
        Bietti's Crystalline Dystrophy - NEI/NIH (US)
        About Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy - Review of Optometry/Handbook
        A question & answer about Fuchs' Syndrome - The Eye Care Forum/MedHelp
        Genetic aspects of Corneal Dystrophy, Juvenile Epithelial, of Meesmann - OMIM (US)


      Keratoconus   
      Keratoconus - Indiana University (US), and an image - EyeMac
      About Keratoconus [R. Pineda] - Harvard Med School (US)
      Keratoconus: Diagnosis and Management [Burger et al.] - Pacific Univ./College of Optometry
      Keratoconus: Diagnosis, contact lens fitting and management [W Illahi] - Optometry Today, Aug 2006
      Keratoconus and Cornea Transplants [J Ackerman]
      US Nat'l Keratoconus Foundation
      UK Keratoconus Self Help and Support Group

      Trachoma   
     See another location


    Eye Abnormalities   
    About Orbital Reconstruction - The Craniofacial Surgery Book, Tennessee Health System (US)

      Aniridia   
      Brief note about Aniridia - Nobel Foundation (SE)
      About Aniridia
      The Aniridia Network - (UK)
      About the WAGR Syndrome
      Anirida ; AN1 - OMIM

      Anophthalmos   
      The Micro and Anophthalmic Childrens Society - (UK)
      ICAN - Families with Anophthalmia Children
      Anophthalmia, Microphthalmia and Other Related Eye Disorders [Diann ?]
      About Franchesca (anophthalmia)

      Coloboma   
      About Coloboma - RNIB (UK)
      About Coloboma - MACS (UK)
      Coloboma - Texas School for the Blind (US)

      Microphthalmos   
      The Micro and Anophthalmic Childrens Society - (UK)
      Anophthalmia, Microphthalmia and Other Related Eye Disorders [Diann ?]


      Eye Diseases, Hereditary   

      Albinism   
        Albinism, Ocular   
        About Ocular Albinism - NOAH, Philadelphia (US)
        Ocular Albinism
        Ocular Albinism [review course; JM Weber] - MarchOn Training Center, N.Y. (US)
        Bianca's Pages - the [Knowlton] family


        Albinism, Oculocutaneous   
          Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome   
          About Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome - NOAH, Philadelphia (US)
          Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome [summary; Krisp et al.] - Eur J Dermatol, 11/4, 2001
          Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Type 3 in Ashkenazi Jews and Other Non-Puertorican Patients with Hypopigmentation and Platelet Storage-Pool Deficiency [Huizing et al.] - Am J Hum Genet., 69/2001
          The Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Network


      Aniridia   
     See another location

      Choroideremia   
      About Choroideremia - OMIM (US)
      The Chroroideremia Research Foundation, Inc.

     General Fibrosis Syndrome (not on MeSH)
      About Congenital Fibrosis Syndrome - U of Buffalo (US)

      Duane Retraction Syndrome   
      About Duane Syndrome [A Verma] - eMedicine
      Duane Syndrome - Children's Hospital Boston (US)
      Duane's Retraction Syndrome e-group - Yahoo

      Gyrate Atrophy   
      About Gyrate Atrophy - NCBI/NIH (US)
      Hyperornithinemia with Gyrate Atrophy - Pediatrix Medical Group, Inc.

      Optic Atrophies, Hereditary   
      About Optic Atrophy
      The Leber's Optic Neuropathy [J Leeder] - (UK)
      Genetic aspects of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy [D Berro]
      On Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy [Kerrison and Newman] - Clinical neuroscience 1997

      Retinitis Pigmentosa   
      Information about Retinitis Pigmentosa - Foundation Fighting Blindness (US)
      Retina International , including the Retina Int'l Newsletter
      About Retinitis Pigmentosa [de Beus and Small] - eMedicine
      Discussions about Retinitis Pigmentosa - MedHelp Forums
      Retinitis Pigmentosa links [J Wenberg]
      Retinitis Pigmentosa Genetics - GeneTests
      Die Deutsche Retinitis Pigmentosa-Vereinigung - (DE)


    Eye Hemorrhage   
    Ocular Trauma Management for the Primary Care Provider [JM Rappon] - Pacific Univ./Optometry
    About Preventing Eye Injuries - New England Eye Center (US), and Orbital Fractures [T Widell] - eMedicine
    About 38 year old man who was hit in the left eye with a pool cue [Lucarelli et al.] - DJO
    Ocular Trauma (pathol.) - Univ of Wisconsin (US)
    An overview of Eye Trauma - Univ of Illinois (US)
    Ophthalmic Care of the Combat Casualty , and about Ocular Injuries - Borden Institute (US)
    Injured Eye , a self-directed learning module - Canadian Opthalmological Society

      Hyphema   
      About hyphema - St Luke's Cataract and Laser Inst. (US)
      Hyphema [Sheppard and Williams] - eMedicine
      A 36-year-old man ... (hyphema + iritis) - eMedicine


      Eye Infections   
      Corneal Ulcer   
     See another location


      Eye Infections, Bacterial   

      Conjunctivitis, Bacterial   
          Trachoma   
         See another location


        Hordeolum   
        About Hordeolum and Sty [M Bessette] and Chalazion [S Santen] - eMedicine
        Hordeolum and chalazion treatment - The full gamut [L Skorin] - Optometry Today, Jun 2002 (UK)


    Eye Neoplasms   
    Articles about Ocular Tumors - Cancer Control Jul/Aug '98/, and on Orbital and Ocular Cancer - J of Moffitt Cancer Center, Sep/Oct 2004
    The Eye Cancer Network [P Finger] including a Tumor Image Gallery
    Center for Ocular Oncology - Washington Univ., St Louis (US)
    About Ocular Lymphoma [J Yang] - Ocular Immunology/Mass. Eye & Ear Infirmary (US)
    See also under Retinoblastoma [links] - KIB
    A Choroidal Melanoma tumor [image] - Ohio State Univ.
    About Choroidal Melanoma from the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study - Wilmer Eye Institute/JHU (US)
    Briefly about Melanoma of the Eye - Adam, via MedlinePlus, and an image (malignant melanoma) [NC White]
    About Intraocular Melanoma - Cancer.gov
    Skin Tumors around the Eye - ASOPRS

    Eyelid Diseases   
    Eyelid Disorders: Diagnosis and Management [SR Carter] - Am Family Phys, Jun '98
    A brief note about Eccrine cysts in the eyelids - EBM Guidelines, Duodecim (FI)
    Eye Plastics (oculoplastic surgery)
    About Blepharoplasty - questions & comments [M Bermant] - (US)

      Blepharitis   
      About various forms of Blepharitiis - American Optometric Association
      Brief note about Phlyctenulosis - Perret Opticiens (CH)

      Blepharoptosis   
      Ptosis , Blepharoplasty and Brow Lift - ASOPRS
      Ptosis Classification and Eyelid Surgery for Ptosis - Qs & As [M Bermant] - (US)
      Double Elevator Palsy [Olitsky and Nelson] - Strabismus Web Book

      Blepharospasm   
      About Eyelid Spasms/Twitching - Kellogg Eye Center
      Blepharospasm Pages - BEBRF
      Blepharospasm and Botox - EyePlastics
      Blepharospasm, Benign Essential [SM Saulny] - eMedicine
      On the Side Effects of Botulinum Toxin Therapy - Smith Kettlewell Inst. (US)

     Distichiasis (not on MeSH)
      Distichiasis [S Rostami] - eMedicine

      Chalazion   
      About Styes and Chalazions [L. Bickford] - The EyeCare Connection (US)
      Chalazion, image - EyeMac
      A Case of Chalazion - MDChoice (US)

      Ectropion   
      About Ectropion: "Eyelid Turning Out" , and some more on Ectropion [M Bermant] - (US)

      Entropion   
      Entropion: "Eyelid Turning In" - ASOPRS
      Senile (Involutional) Entropion - Handbook Ocular Dis Management
      About Entropion Repair - EyeMDLink.com
      Trichiasis - [RW Pelton] - eMedicine

      Hordeolum   
     See another location


    Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases   
    Congenital Lacrimal Obstruction - ASOPRS
    Excessive tearing in infancy and early childhood [EA Ballard] - PostGradMed, May '00
    Dacryocystorhinostomy for Tearing - EyeMDLink About Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) [SV Fernandes] - eMedicine About Surgery for Lacrimal Disorders - EyePlastics LLC
    Two illustrations of the lacrimal system - Texas Ophthal Plast Surg (US)

      Dry Eye Syndromes   
      Dry Eye Syndrome - StLukes Eye (US)
      Dry Eye Syndromes , and an image of the tear film layers - Schepens Eye Research Institute
      About Restasis - Aging Eye Times
      See also under Sjogren's Syndrome

      Lacrimal Duct Obstruction   
      About Tear Duct Obstruction and Surgery - KidsHealth
      About Pediatric Balloon Dacryoplasty - LacriCATH/Quest Medical, Inc.
      About Watery Eyes - Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation /UK)
      Nasolacrimal Duct obstruction - AAPOS


    Lens Diseases   
    The histology and biology of the lens [MJ Stafford] - Optometry Today, Jan 2001 (UK)

      Aphakia   
      Brief Note about Aphakia
      On Aphakia [CN Chua]
      The PHPV and Aphakia Support Pages

      Cataract   
      About Cataract [brochure for people at-risk] - National Eye Institute (US)
      About Cataracts - NEEC (US)
      Cataracts [Trudo and Stark] - PostGradMed, May 1998
      American Soc. of Cataract & Refractive Surgery and the J of Cataract & Refractive Surgery - (US)
      What Can Go Wrong With Cataract Surgery? [Insinga and Quinn] - Review of Optometry/Study Center
      Cataract Surgery Complications [25 MB .pdf file] - (UK)
      Cataract Removal - YourSurgery
      About Pediatric Cataract - PGCFA (CA)
      Patient Questions and Answers about Cataract Surgery - StLukes Institute
      On Posterior Capsule Opacification - St Luke's Eye Institute
      Care of the Adult Patient with Cataract [Rouse et al., 1999] - AOA


      Ocular Hypertension   
      Glaucoma   
      Facts about Glaucoma - NEI/NIH, and about Types of Glaucoma - Glaucoma Foundation (US)
      Glaucoma Network - Glaucoma Assoc. of N Y (US)
      The Glaucoma Research Foundation including a What's New section - San Francisco (US)
      The Glaucoma Foundation - N.Y. (US)
      Illustration of Flow of Aqueous Humor - AHAF
      What is Angle-Closure Glaucoma? - Wills Eye Hospital
      Subacute glaucoma masquerading as migraine [Nesher et al.] - PostGradMed, Feb 2003
      About Open Angle Glaucoma and Acute Narrow Angle Glaucoma - VisionRx
      Facts about Pediatric Glaucoma - PGCFA (CA)
      Some Glaucoma Related Articles - State University N.Y., Buffalo (US)
      Glaucoma and Intramedical Pressure [raych...?, 1993]
      A chat with Dr Rick Wilson on Normal-Tension Glaucoma and the Family Connection - Wills Glausoma
      About Tonometry - WebMD
      About Glaucoma Medications and their Side Effects - GANY (US)
      About Pilocarpine - ADAM, via MedlinePlus


    Ocular Motility Disorders   
    American Orthoptic Journal - (US)
    The Engle Laboratory at Children's Hospital Boston (US)
    Clinical Examination of Ocular Motility - Richmond Eye Associates (US)
    Dancing Eyes and Other Maladies of the Nervous System [J Hsiao] - Yale Journal for Humanities in Medicine
    On (Saccadic Nystagmus/) Opsoclonus [TC Hain]
    See also under Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System [links]
    Brown Syndrome [K Wright] - e-Medicine
    Brown Syndrome [Olitsky and Nelson] - Buffalo (US)

      Duane Retraction Syndrome   
     See another location

      Nystagmus, Pathologic   
      Some notes on Nystagmus [J Hamilton] - The Berries
      Understanding Nystagmus - Royal College of Ophthalmologists (UK)
      Understanding Nystagmus [RL Windsor]
      Nystagmus, Congenital/Infantile [DT Wheeler] - eMedicine
      The American Nystagmus Network
      Common cases in Nystagmus [CN Chua] - (UK)
      Understanding Nystagmus - RNIB (UK)
      On Nystagmus subtypes etc. and Saccade Tests [TC Hain] - (US)
      About Alström's syndrome
      Alstrom Syndrome support group in the (UK)

      Oculomotor Nerve Diseases   
      The Oculomotor Nerve [image] - Gray's Anatomy 1918
      About Oculomotor/Third Nerve Palsy [J Goodwin] - eMedicine

        Adie Syndrome   
        About Holmes-Adie syndrome - NINDS/NIH
        Adie (Tonic) Pupil , not to be confused with Argyll-Robertson Pupil - MRCOphth


      Ophthalmoplegia   
      About Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia - Handbook of Ocular Disease Mgmt
      About Chronic Progressive Externav Ophthalmoplegia [Schmuckler and Hampton] - eMedicine
      Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome [Taylor and Mankowski] - eMedicine
      About Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome - eMEDMAN
      A case of Miller-Fisher Syndrome - Baylor College, TX (US)


      Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External   
        Kearns-Sayer Syndrome   
        About Kearns-Sayre Syndrome - OMIM (US)
        Kearns-Sayre Syndrome "Plus": A Case Report [Foyaca-Sibat and Ibanez-Valde's] - Internet J of Neurology, 1/2


      Strabismus   
      American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus and some General info about adult Strabismus
      A Strabismus Web Book [Olitsky and Nelson] - Buffalo (US)
      The Pediatric and Adult Strabismus Resource at McGill Univ. (CA)
      Strabismus , a self-directed learning module - Canadian Opthalmological Society
      On V-pattern Strabismus - eMedicine
      Botulinum Neurotoxins in the Management of Strabismus [AB Scott] - NTI

        Esotropia   
        About Accommodative Esotropia (eye turning inward) - PedsEye (US)

        Exotropia   
        About Exotropia (eye turning outward) - PedsEye (US)


    Optic Nerve Diseases   
    Optic Nerve Disorders - Merck Manual, Home Edition
    International Foundation for Optic Nerve Disease
    Differentiating sight threatening from non-sight threatening eye disease: the optic nerve and ophthalmoplegia [BChir and Hammond] - Optometry Today, Aug 2006
    Optic Nerve Head Drusen - Review of Optometry Online
    What a Nerve! Differentiating Congenital Anomalies of the Optic Disc [Kabat and Sowka] - Pacific Univ., College of Optometry

        Optic Atrophies, Hereditary   
       See another location


      Optic Neuritis   
      On Optic Neuritis and MS - Nat'l MS Society (US)
      Optic Neuritis (and MS) - FireLady
      About Optic Neuritis and Multiple Sclerosis - MayoClinic
      Optic Neuritis [C Swallow] - eMedicine
      Optic Neuritis and Multiple Sclerosis
      A Review of Optic Neuritis [Graham and Rizzo] - DJO/Harvard (US)
      About Papillitis - SpEdEx

      Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic   
      Ischemic Optic Neuropathy - IFOND
      About Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy - Univ of Iowa (US)
      On Surgery for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy - Cochrane Review, 2003

      Papilledema   
      Optic Disc Edema & Papilledema - Review of Optometry Online
      About Papilledema [Giovanni and Chrousos] - e-Medicine
      Synopsis of Papilledema examination - FP Notebook
      On Papilledema and Pseudo-Papilledema [WF Hoyt] - Univ of Utah


    Pupil Disorders   
    Common pupillary cases [CN Chua] - (UK)
    About Marcus Gunn Jaw-winking Syndrome [SM Blaydon] - eMedicine, and an animated illustration [CN Chua] - (UK)
    Marcus Gunn Syndrome - Engle Laboratory, Childrens Hospital
    About the Argyll Robertson pupil [Dente and Gurwood] - Optometry Today, 10/1999 (UK)
    Argyll Robertson Pupil synopsis - FPNoteBook
    About Leukocoria (white pupil, cat's eye) - Paediatric Ophthalmology, Univ of Toronto (CA)
    About Leukocoria and Retinoblastoma - Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
    A case of Leukocoria - Indian Pediatrics
    Brief note about Leukocoria (white pupil) - Univ of Maryland medicine

      Anisocoria   
      About Anisocoria (Unequal Pupils) [W Zein] - Eyeweb.Org


      Miosis   
        Horner Syndrome   
        About Horners Syndrome - DrugInfoNet
        Horner's Syndrome - Review of Optometry
        A Case of Unilateral Ptosis Headache (Horner's Syndrome) - eMedicine
        About Raeder's Paratrigeminal Syndrome [SH Schechter] - eMedicine


        Tonic Pupil   
        Adie Syndrome   
       See another location


    Refractive Errors   
    About Accommodation - Wikipedia
    A Refracting Tutorial [T Zarwell] - MedRounds
    Some FAQs about Contact Lenses - Contact Lens Manufactures Assoc.
    About Corneal Topography [P Kollbaum] - School of Optometry, Indiana Univ. (US)
    About Contact Lenses - HON (CH), and some some FAQs - Contact Lens Council (US)
    Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Types of Contact Lenses - AOA (US)
    On Contact Lens Associated Eye Infections - Topics in Infect Dis Newsletter, Jul 2001 (AU)
    Refractive Source (refractive surgery information) including a collection of Refractive Surgery Grand Rounds [B Chou]
    About Monovision - St Lukes Eye, and The Controversy over "Monovision" Lenses - Aviation Medicine, Jan 1998
    On Photorefractive (laser) surgery for the correction of refractive error , 2005-06 - NHS/NICE (UK)
    How LASIK Surgery works - Columbia Vision Correction
    About LASIK, PRK, LASEK, ... - Refractive Surgery
    The LASIK Institute , and LASIK fundamentals, and what can realistically be expected from having refractive surgery - (US)
    About Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis ( DLK, Sands of the Sahara ) and Lasik - USAEyes.org
    Overview of Refractive Surgery [Scot Bower et al.] - AAFP, Oct 2001
    Eye Surgery Education Council - ASCRS (US)
    How Lasers Work - How Stuff Works

      Astigmatism   
      About Astigmatism - AOA (US)
      About Astigmatism - St Lukes Eye (US)
      Windows-based software for Astigmatism analysis (NA Alpins' method)
      Nomogram for Limbal Relaxing Incisions with Cataract Surgery [JP Gill] - StLuke's Eye
      An Astigmatism Test - Perret Optic (CH)
      Correct astigmatism with peripheral corneal relxing incisions after LASIK [M Lipner] - EyeWorld

      Hyperopia   
      Hyperopia - Wikipedia, and briefly about treatment by LASIK - Schulze Eye & Surgery C.
      Care of the Patient with Hyperopia - AOA

      Myopia   
      About Myopia [L. Bickford] - The EyeCare Connection (US)
      Can We Conquer Myopia? [DO Mutti] - Review of Optometry/Study Center
      Myopia Prevention Home Page [a personal view by J Arthur]
      About High Degree Myopia (Pathological/Degenerative Myopia) - RNIB (UK)
      The Neural Basis of Myopia - On the Brain, 1995, Harvard Mahoney Inst.

      Presbyopia   
      About Accomendation and Presbyopia from AgingEye Times
      Eye changes with aging - AgingEye Times
      Aging Eye - (CA)
      Examining the elderly population - Strategies for the optometrist [L Weddell] - Optometry Today, Feb 2003 (UK)
      Refractive Error and Presbyopia - Refractive Surgery
      Presbyopia [J Rumsey] - Nova SE Univ., FL (US)
      Surgery for 'Short Arm Syndrome' [J Murphy] - Review of Optometry, Dec 2003


    Retinal Diseases   
    The Neural Organization of the Vertebrate Retina [Kolb et al.] - WebVision, Utah (US)
    Retina neurons map - (CA)
    Diseases of the Vitreous and Retina - Review of Optometry
    Peripheral Retina Lecture - Diagnostic Procedures [HD Riley] - Indiana School of Optometry
    Retina Reference - University of Pennsylvania (US)
    Differentiating sight threatening from non-sight threatening eye disease: The retina and the vitreous [CJ Heatley] - Optometry Today, Jun 2006
    Retinal Vascular Diseases in Hypertension [M Colucciello] - PostGradMed, Jun 2005 RetNet: Retinal Information Network including a current list of Genes Causing Retinal Diseases - TX (US)
    Retina International
    Retina Central (retina genetics) - Inst Human Genetics, Univ of Wuerzburg (DE)
    St Luke's Retina Center - (US)
    Retina France - (FR)
    About Retinal Diagnostic Testing/Eye Angiography - Vitrpus-Retina-Macula Consultants, New York (US)
    What's New in Science from the Foundation Fighting Blindness - (US)
    About Optical Coherence Tomography - New England Eye Center (US)
    The Boston Retinal Implant Project - MIT (US)
    About Vitrectomy - StLukes Eye Surgery (US)
    Macular Pucker / Epithelial Membrane - AQngeles Vision Clinic (US)
    About Macular Hole
    Macula Surgery - Alabama (US)
    Developments in retinal cell transplants [Sharma et al.] - Dig J Ophthalmol, 7(2), 2001
    A case of Coat's Disease - DJO, Harvard (US)
    The Paradigm/Dicon Company Home Page - (US)
    RETINA (journal of Retinal & Vitreous diseases)

      Diabetic Retinopathy   
      Diabetic Retinopathy - NEI (US)
      About Diabetic Retinopathy - St. Luke's Cataract & Laser Institute
      Diabetic Retinopathy - DJO, Harvard (US)
      A Closer Look at the Retina - Whitaker Foundation, 2005


      Retinal Degeneration   
        Macular Degeneration   
        An overview of some Diseases of the Macula - (HK)
        Protect Your Sight [Folk and Wilkinson] - MedRounds
        Macular Degeneration: Examination and Diagnosis - VRM Consultants, N.Y. (US)
        Age-Related Macular Degeneration - Indiana University (US)
        About Age-related Macular Degeneration [brochure for people at-risk] - National Eye Institute (US)
        Age-related macular degeneration - An overview [Mathews, Mathews and Kelly] - Optometry Today, Feb 2003 (UK)
        Loss of Central Vision illustrated - Retina International
        Illustrations of Macular Degeneration - AHAF
        Macular Degeneration Help Center - MD Partnership
        Macular Degeneration Network [PT Finger] - N.Y. (US)
        Juvenile Macular Degeneration - Macular Degeneration Int'l
        Information about Age-Related Macular Degeneration , Stargardt Disease , some more on Stargardt Disease - MedStudents (BR), and about Best Disease (Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy, type 2) - Foundation Fighting Blindness (US)
        About Best's Disease - RNIB (UK)
        About the Dry and Wet form of MD - Wilmer Eye Inst/JHU
        The Amsler Test - Augen.de (DE)
        The Macular Degeneration Foundation including a Blind Spot Amsler Grid test, and a News Section - Macular Degeneration Foundation, Inc. (US)
        What Is Fluorescein Angiography? - St Lukes Eye (US)
        About Angiography of the Retina - Ophthalmic Photographers' Society, Inc.
        Optical Coherence Tomography and diagnosing Macular Degeneration - Univ of Wisconsin-Madison (US)
        Brian's Eye Story - (CA)
        On Macular Degeneration and Cataract Surgery - St. Luke's Eye, and reference abstract - PubMed
        Pigment tied to blindness, cancer - Harvard Univ Gazette, Feb 2003 (US)
        Macular Degeneration and Angiogenesis Inhibition - ARVO meeting 2005
        What to expect from treatment with Lucentis - Genetech Inc.
        On Avastin (Bevacizumab) to treat Age-related (Wet-Type) Macular Degeneration - AAO news, Oct 2005
        Photodynamic Therapy Approved for the Wet-Type of Age-Related Macular Degeneration , Oct '00 - Univ of Washington/Ophthalmology (US)
        Antioxidant Vitamins and Zinc Reduce Risk of Vision Loss from Age-Related Macular Degeneration - NIH News, Oct 2001 (US)
        About the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 - NEI Clinical Trial (US)
        Brief review of a large study (2001) on Antioxidants and Macular Degeneration - Bandolier

        Retinitis Pigmentosa   
       See another location

          Kearns-Sayer Syndrome   
         See another location


        Retinoschisis   
        About Retinoschisis - EyeMDLink
        Retinoschisis - Kellogg Eye Center
        About Retinoschisis, Juvenile [M-K Song] and Retinoschisis, Senile [Philpotts and Gounder] - eMedicine
        The X-linked Retinoschisis sequence variation database [JT den Dunnen] - (NL)


      Retinal Detachment   
      About Retinal Detachment - NEI/NIH (US)
      About Detached Retina - Kellogg Eye Center
      What is Retinal Tear or Detachment? - St Lukes Eye
      Retinal Detachment [GL Larkin] - eMedicine
      Retinal Detachment - EyeSite (CA)
      About Vitrous and Retinal Detachment - New England Eye Center (US)

      Retinal Vein Occlusion   
      Brief note about Retinal Vessel Occlusion - Adam, via MedlinePlus
      About Central Retinal Vein Occlusion [SS Hayreh] - U of Iowa/Ophth and Visual Sci
      Retinal Vein Occlusions - Handbook of Ocular Disease Management
      Retinal Vein Occlusion - Diagnosis and management [L Skorin Jr] - Optometry Today, Jan 2002 (UK)
      Retinal Vein Occlusion (Central and Branch) - Angeles Vision Clinic (US)
      Retinal Vein Occlusion Guidelines - Royal College of Ophthalmologists, 2004 (UK)
      A 43 year old man with 3 days of blurry vision OS - DJO, Harvard (US)
      Retinal Vein Occlusions - GoodHope
      Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion [Wu and Mena] - eMedicine


      Retinitis   
        Chorioretinitis   
        About Chorioretinitis [QV Nguyen] - eMedicine
        Chorioretinitis in Congenital Toxoplasmosis [a few images included]
        Chorioretinitis Luetica (Syphilitic) [brief notes + images] - Atlas of Ophthalmology
        Cytomegalovirus infections in AIDS patients - AIDS Knowledge Base

         Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy (not on MeSH)
          About Azoor - Moorfields Eye Hospital (UK)
          AZOOR Support Group and Information Forum [L Upchurch] - (UK)
          AZOOR and AIBSE in a 34 y.o. woman - EYErounds.org, Iowa (US)


      Retinopathy of Prematurity   
      A Retinopathy of Prematurity Information Library [S Jane?]
      ROPARD: The Association for Retinopathy of Prematurity - Michigan (US)
      Understanding Retinopathy of Prematurity [R and L Windsor] - Low Vision Gateway
      Retinopathy of Prematurity [K Moss] - TSBVI (US)
      Malina's story (ROP with complications) - via GrowingStrong

     White Dot Syndrome (not on MeSH)
      White Dot Syndromes [Tewari and Eliott] - eMedicine
      Multifocal Choroiditis and Panuveitis ( MCP ) [Pinar and Foster] - MEEI/Harvard (US)


      Scleral Diseases   
      Scleritis   
      On Scleritis - Merck Manual
      A 28-year-old woman .... - NetMedicine, and some brief info about Episcleritis - St Luke's Cataract & Laser Inst.
      About Episcleritis - Review of Optometry
      About Episcleritis [H Roy] - eMedicine
      About Scleritis - Review of Optometry, and an image (Scleritis) - via EyeMac


      Uveal Diseases   

      Choroid Diseases   
        Choroideremia   
       See another location


        Choroiditis   
          Chorioretinitis   
         See another location


        Gyrate Atrophy   
       See another location


        Iris Diseases   
        Aniridia   
       See another location

        Exfoliation Syndrome   
        Exfoliation syndrome: Clinical findings and Occurrence in .... [R Ritch]
        Krukenberg's Spindle and Pigment Dispersion Syndrome - (UK)
        Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma [ME Pons] - eMedicine
        Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma - Review of Optometry

        Iritis   
        Managing the Red Eye - Well Close Square Surgery (UK)
        The Iritis Organization - (US)
        About Iritis and Uveitis [K Gordon] - eMedicine (US)
        Vossius Ring [image] - Atlas of Ophthalmology
        See also under Ankylosing Spondylitis (Bechterew Disease) [links]


      Uveitis   
      Uveitis - Merck Manual
      Uveitis factsheet from RNIB (UK)
      About Uveitis and Immunology - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      Differential diagnosis and management of uveitis [Kok and Lightman] - Optometry Today, Nov 2002 (UK)
      Uveitis - When to investigate? - Ophthalmic Network Research/Royal Coll of Ophthalmologists (UK)
      Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Uveitis [M Samson] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      Pediatric Uveitis [S Foster] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      HLA-B27 Associated Uveitis [NK Waheed] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      Intermediate Uveitis [V Pinar] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      Syphilitic Uveitis [M Samson] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      New Treatment May Improve Patient's Quality Of Life - NIH Jun '99
      Masquerade Syndromes [QD Nguyen] - MEEI/Harvard (US)
      Course notes on Posterior Uveitis [J Sowka]
      A Case of Endophthalmitis - ACEP, Hawaii
      Findings from the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study [Oct '95] - NLM (US)

            Iritis   
           See another location


            Uveitis, Posterior   

            Choroiditis   
              Chorioretinitis   
             See another location


    Vision Disorders   
    On evaluating Loss of Vision [Pathai and McNaught] - StudentBMJ, Nov 2002
    On Sudden Painless Loss of Vision - Canadian Ophthalmological Society

      Amblyopia   
      Care of the Patient with Amblyopia [Rouse et al.] - AOA, 1998
      About Amblyopia / Lazy Eye - Optometrists Network
      Atropine Information - MedlinePlus/ADAM (US)
      On Amblyopia treatment of older children - NEI/NIH, Apr 2005
      The Early Adaptive Syndrome [Apell and Streff; Jan 1963]

      Blindness   
      About Deafblindness - sense (UK)
      Leber's Congenital Amaurosis [I Russel-Eggitt] - (UK)
      Leber's Congenital Amaurosis - Texas School for the Blind (US)
      On Leber's Congenital Amaurosis [E Stone] - Iowa City (US)
      Leber's Congenital Amaurosis - Foundation Fighting Blindness (UK)

        Amaurosis Fugax   
        About Amaurosis Fugax - APMA
        Amaurosis Fugax and Transient Ischemic Attack - Handbook of Ocular Disease Management

        Hemianopsia   
        About Hemianopsia
        Brief Note about Homonymous Hemianopsia - Royal Soc for the Blind (AU)
        Brief facts about Stroke-Related Sight Loss -- Hemianopsia - RNIB (UK)


      Color Vision Defects   
      How do we see colors? - HHMI (US)
      Color Vision Deficiency - AOA (US)
      Color Vision Problems - HON (CH)
      About Color Vision
      Ishihara Test for Color Blindness
      On the Evolution of Color Vision [M. Rowe] - via Talk.Origins Archive, and Ecological importance of trichromatic vision to primates [Dominy and Lucas] - letter to Nature, 2001
      Color & Vision Database - San Diego (US)
      The Achromatopsia Network - Berkeley, CA (US)
      About Rainbows [BT Lynds]

      Diplopia   
      Diplopia - LowVision.org
      About Double Vision - Strabismus.org
      Review of Management Strategies for the Diplopic Patient [R London]
      The Differential Diagnosis of Diplopia [A Finlay]

      Scotoma   
      Some brief notes about Scotoma - SpEdEx
      A case of Absolute Scotoma [CH Gonzalez] - UMDNJ
      Scotoma information

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